身体活动的现实行为和神经回路标记作为社会孤立的补偿机制

Real-life behavioral and neural circuit markers of physical activity as a compensatory mechanism for social isolation

<Nature - Mental Health >, Volume 2, Issue 3, 2024

【摘要】2019年冠状病毒病大流行加速了社会隔离和孤独感带来的重大社会挑战，尤其是对心理健康而言。在这项使用加速度测量、电子日记和神经影像学对317名年轻人进行社区抽样的队列研究中，我们发现，人们在缺乏社交接触时感觉情绪更差，但在进行体育活动时情况就不那么明显了。这种假定的补偿机制即使在较小的身体活动剂量下也存在，并且在抑郁状态默认模式网络信号风险内具有较高大脑功能连接的个体中很明显。对于表现出加剧孤独感的人来说，运动的社会情感效益更高，并且在整个大流行期间得到了复制。这些发现扩展了对日常生活中社会接触和身体活动动态相互作用的认识，确定了一种可行的保护策略，以减轻社会孤立的负面影响，特别是对于高危人群，这有可能改善公共卫生在大流行后的世界。

[Abstract] Social isolation and loneliness pose major societal challenges accelerated by the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, especially for mental health. In this cohort study using accelerometry, electronic diaries and neuroimaging in a community-based sample of 317 young adults, we show that people felt affectively worse when lacking social contact, but less so when engaging in physical activity. This putative compensatory mechanism was present even at small physical activity doses and was pronounced in individuals with higher brain functional connectivity within the default mode network signaling risk for depression. Social-affective benefits of movement were higher in people showing exacerbated loneliness and were replicated throughout the pandemic. These findings extend the state of knowledge on the dynamic interplay of social contact and physical activity in daily life identifying an accessible protective strategy to mitigate the negative effects of social isolation, particularly among at-risk individuals, which comes with the potential to improve public health in the post-pandemic world.

论文原文：Anastasia Benedyk, Markus Reichert, Marco Giurgiu, Irina Timm, Iris Reinhard, Carina Nigg, Oksana Berhe, Alexander Moldavski, Christoph von der Goltz, Urs Braun, Ulrich Ebner-Priemer, Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg & Heike Tost (2024). Real-life behavioral and neural circuit markers of physical activity as a compensatory mechanism for social isolation. Nature - Mental Health, Volume 2, Issue 3, pages 337–342.

https://doi.org/10.1038/s44220-024-00204-6

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